JUST is the Answer
JUST = Judgment Using Software Technology
For the record, the National Judicial Data Grid states :
Ø There are 5.75 million cases pending in the high courts and 38.15 million in the District courts across India
Ø Of these, more than 4.5 million cases have been pending for more than 10 years
Question :
Ø How do dispose off these cases in ( say ) 2 years ?
Answer :
Ø Through simultaneous leveraging of following technologies :
# Virtual / Online / E-Courts
# Artificial Intelligence ( AI ) software
Ø In my following blogs / e-mails, I had outlined how we can start ( say ), 10,000 E – COURTS , presided over ( from the comfort of their homes– “ Work From Home “ model ) by 10,000 RETIRED judges :
Ø Justice delayed is Justice Denied ……………………….[ 12 Sept 2018 ]
Extract :
Ø If we want to reduce the average “case disposal time “ from 6 YEARS to 6 MONTHS, we must do better than the Chinese–as follows :
First :
Launch online portal.www.OnlineJustice.gov.
Next :
Give these (Work-From–Home ) e-court judges, JUST as described in following news report :
Court verdict in a jiffy? AI could be answer, says IIT Kanpur research / TOI / 16 July 2021
Extract :
Ø Can a judgment be delivered in seconds? An IIT Kanpur’s research paper says, AI could be the answer
Ø A team of researchers led by Ashutosh Modi and Arnab Bhattacharya at IIT-K’s computer Science Department developed a system that not only predicts what should be the final decision of a court case but also how one arrives at that decision
Ø An AI-enabled automated system that can assist judges by suggesting the outcome of an on-going court case may help in expediting the judicial process
Ø For this, they have created a new corpus of 35,000 legal documents from the Supreme Court ( SC ) ; the Indian Legal Documents Corpus ( ILDC )
Ø The research paper titled “ Indian Legal Documents Corpus based Court Judgment Prediction and Explanation ( CJPE ) “ states that the advent of AI-enabled technology brings “ hope to the legal system “
Ø “ This is one of the first Indian Legal Corpus of SC cases created for case prediction and explanation. Moreover, this is an on-going process and the corpus is being actively built. The ILDC is created and annotated with court decisions. A portion of the Corpus ( a separate test set ) is annotated with gold standard explanations by legal experts “ said Arnab Bhattacharya, professor of Computer Science at IIT-K
Ø The next step is Court Judgment Prediction, for this specialized deep learning based models are developed
Ø Prediction is followed by an explanation for the decision, using unsupervised algorithms. Explanations given by algorithm are compared with the explanations annotated by legal experts
Ø The goal of this model is to assist the legal community and not replace judges.
Ø “ The AI model can augment the process and bring about faster decision making, allowing for clearing up cases “, added Bhattacharya
RESEARCHERS :
Ø Ashutosh Modi ( IIT-K , Computer Science Department )
[ ashutosh@coli.uni-saaeland.de ]
Ø Arnab Bhattacharya ( IIT-K, Computer Science Department )
Indian Institute of Science Education and Research – Kolkata
West Bengal National University of Juridical Sciences
Related Readings :
Ø Liar vs Liar ? ……………………………..[ 11 Jan 2019 ]
Extract :
Ø IBM recently unveiled a new artificial intelligence system that can craft
lengthy, persuasive arguments during a debate.
Ø Project Debater does little writing of its own — the AI system’s core strength
comes from categorizing and analyzing the arguments fed into it by humans.
The algorithm scans short human-written arguments on a potential debate topic
for specific keywords and language
Ø AI come to judgement ? Not for a while ! …………[ 17 Dec 2019 ]
Extract :
Ø Referring to the cautionary words in the speech by former CJI R M Lodha,
who presided over the function, on use of AI, Justice Bobde said,
Ø “I wish to point out that it is not an attempt to introduce AI in the decision-
making process itself.
Ø The system we are looking at has the ability to read 10 lakh words per
second, which means you can make it read anything and ask it any
question and it will give you the answer.
Ø The Ayodhya case had thousands of pages of documents and it becomes
very easy when you have AI.
Ø There is no thought of substituting decision-making by human minds with
computers…”
Ø See You Out of Court ……………………………………….[ 11 Jan 2020 ]
Extract :
That is the title of an article ( authored by Indulekha Arvind ), in today’s
Economic Times ( Magazine ). Online version can be found at :
Online dispute resolution is beginning to find takers in India
Ø Law : Nothing Artificial in Arbitration ……………………[ 16 Feb 2019 ]
Extract :
Chief Justice S A Bobde seems to think so, as per following report :
Artificial Intelligence could help in arbitration in globalized era, says CJI
Ø Virtual Court Benchmarks ……………………………………[ 14 Jan 2021 ]
Extract :
Ø And as far as finding 10,000 Judges to conduct “ Online Trials “ from the
comfort of their homes ( and without imposing any “ Infrastructure Burden
“ on the State–except providing them with a fast broadband connection ),
I suggest :
we rope in retired judges ,
on a “ Per Case Retainer “ basis ( paid into their Jan Dhan accounts )
Ø There must be a “ Bonus cum Penalty “ formula to govern the payments to
the Judges, depending upon the “Actual Time “ taken to dispose off a
given case as against the “ Target Time “ ( to be computed by
Artificial Intelligent Software , based on historical data being continuously
compiled for all the cases , once the portal gets launched )
I urge Chief Justice Hon Deepak Misraji to treat this email as a PIL and
“ direct “ the NDA government to initiate action on this suggestion ( I
cannot afford a lawyer ! )
Ø Thanks Supreme Court for hearing my PIL …………….[ 26 Mar 2021 ]
Extract :
Ø The Supreme Court on Thursday in principle decided to resort to the
never used constitutional provision for engaging retired High Court
judges to tackle the huge pendency in High Courts…
Ø The CJI-led bench said since the retired judges would be given a specific
tenure to adjudicate old cases and as they would be regarded as the
junior-most in the hierarchy of the HC, it would not cause any heartburn
among serving judges
5L cases pending in HCs, SC set to recall retired judges/TNN/ 26 Mar 2021
Ø 24x7 e-Courts ? ………………………………………………………..[ 14 Apr 2021 ]
Extract :
Ø That is the only way to reduce :
Ø Pending court cases from 3 crore to 3 lakhs
Ø Ave pendency from 8 years to 8 weeks
Ø Thank You, Supreme Court for moving towards this goal, as reported in :
E-courts may let cases be filed 24/7 from anywhere
------------------------------
Ø Now, judges can take help of artificial intelligence / TNN / 07 April 2021
Extract :
SUPACE > Supreme Court Portal for Assistance in Court efficiency
Justice Bobde said :
Ø We are not going to let the use of AI spill over to decision making. It will
fully retain the autonomy and discretion of judges to decide cases,
though at a much faster pace at which the readiness of information is
made available by AI
I believe that an Artificial Intelligence System that decides the case, could
be disastrous to judiciary.. It is not designed to take a decision but only to
provide information asked "
==============================
Dear Researchers :
What you have achieved so far is only a tiny SEED of a giant future FOREST
Following news-reports are a glimpse of “ The Shape of Things to Come “ – and it is unstoppable
Wishing you all success,
With regards,
Hemen Parekh / hcp@RecruitGuru.com / 17 July 2021
==============================
Ø The Possible Implications of GPT-3 to the Business of Law …[ 16 Apr 2021 ]
Extract :
# Document automation and text generation
# Legal research
# Language translation
# Privacy and confidentiality concerns
# Unfairness and biasness
Ø Amazing New Chinese A.I.-Powered Language Model Wu Dao 2.0 Unveiled / 11 June 2021
Extract :
Ø Would Wu Dao 2.0 pass this test ?
Ø Perhaps. "Wu Dao 2.0 aims to enable machines to think like humans and
achieve cognitive abilities beyond the Turing test," said Jie Tang, the lead
researcher behind Wu Dao 2.0. If not Wu Dao 2.0, the rapid progress being
made in the development of language models makes it clear that one will
soon pass the Turing test.
Ø "The way to artificial general intelligence is big models and big computer
[sic]," BAAI chair Dr. Hongjiang Zhang added in a statement.
"What we are building is a power plant for the future of AI. With mega
data, mega computing power, and mega models, we can transform data to
fuel the AI applications of the future."
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