Thursday, 21 March 2019

THIS IS NOT AN ELECTION ISSUE : ONLY MORE IMPORTANT !

Someday ( hopefully, soon ) , Graphene will accelerate the adoption of Electric Vehicles, through :


# Reducing the weight of a car from 1300 kg to 650 kg

# Thereby, reducing the Li-ion Battery size by 50 %

# Therefore , reducing the selling price by 50 %

# Increasing Solar Panel efficiency from 20 % to 80 %

# Mounting solar panels on car roof-tops to charge small battery

# Thereby eliminating need for roadside battery charging stations


For the rest, read :




E – Car  Extrapolation :  a  Wishful  Thinking  ?



What extrapolation ?

#   Can weight of an E Car be reduced by 50 %  ?  And, if yes , can the Lithium-ion Battery capacity also get
     reduced by 50 % ?

     Eg :

     Can weight of Mahindra e-Verito [ D6 ], be reduced from 1265 kg to 650 kg – leading to its battery size going
     down from 21.5 KWh to 10 KWh ?

     [  e-Verito , most likely uses  840 kg  of steel and  130 kg of aluminum  ]



But, how would that help ?

#   Cost of Lithium-ion Battery is said to be 40 % of the cost of an E Car

#   E-Verito sells for Rs 13 lakh . That means, its 21.5 KWh battery might have a landed cost of Rs 5.2 lakh

#   If the battery size becomes 10 KWh , could its landed cost become Rs 2.6 lakh ?



But aren’t  Lithium-ion Battery prices dropping anyway, year after year ?

#   Very much so . By end of 2019, battery prices are expected to come down to $ 100 / KWh

#   Hence , a 21.5 KWh battery’s international price could come down to $ 2,150

#   After 40.8 % duty , that could mean a landed cost of $ 3,000 (  Rs 2.10 Lakh )

#   And the landed cost of a 9 KWh battery could be only $ 1,500  ( Rs 1.05  Lakh  )  !


According to the survey of EnergyTrend, the average price of lithium-ion batteries in each electric passenger car is currently about US$15,000, and is expected to fall below US$10,000 in 2020



Hey , Sounds incredible ! But is there a direct relation between the “ Car Weight “ and “ Battery Size “ ?

Can a 10 KWh battery suffice if e-Verito’s weight gets reduced to 650 Kg ?


#   Here are some examples of empirical extrapolation ( of a layman , no doubt ! )

#   Ather 450 Electric Motorbike weighs 118 kg and carries a Lithium-ion battery of 1.92 KWh
     Add 2 passengers ( 2 x 75 = 150 kg ) , taking the laden weight to 268 kg
    And this :
    Mahindra Treo ( 3 Wheeler ) weighs 340 kg and carries a Lithium-ion battery of  7.37 Kwh
    Add 4 passengers  ( 4 x 75 = 300 kg ) , taking the laden weight to 640 Kg  !

But wait !  e-Verito has to carry 4 passengers ( incl driver ) – adding 300 kg of weight to 650 kg of car !
That adds up to a laden weight of 950 Kg . 
 #  It is like adding up the weights and the battery sizes of the above-mentioned [ 2 Wheeler + 3 Wheeler ] . Quite
     probable  !

OK, fine ! but how can we bring down the weight of e-Verito from 1265 Kg to 650 Kg ?
#  By replacing Steel used in car , with Graphene

What is Graphene ?

#  It is a transparent layer of carbon wafer , just one atom thick

How is that important ?
#    Graphene is  200 times stronger than steel  and  10 times better at conducting heat  than copper
#    Graphene-based chips could deliver speeds more than ten times faster than silicon chips
#    In chemical and electrical sensors, graphene could increase sensitivity by a factor of more than 30
#   Graphene is also  250 times better  at conducting electricity than silicon
#   If we replaced the silicon chips in today’s transistors with graphene-based chips, we could increase the speed of

     electronic devices ten-fold.FIRST GRAPHENE-BASED DEVICE IS A “FEW MONTHS” AWAY, SAYS STARTUP   )

            

Is this wonder material Graphene , commercially available  ?
#  Not yet , but in a matter of months [ Congratulations , Prof. Sir Colin Humphreys  ]
#  A start up called  “ Paragraf “ is expected to launch Graphene wafers , very soon


Then why do you  say , “ Wishful Thinking “ ?

#  Being 200 TIMES  stronger than Steel, without doubt Graphene can cut down the weight of a car manifolds.

    But to begin with, it might cost  2000 TIMES  the price of steel , thereby precluding its use


   
#  But ( - and again without doubt ), it is bound to become economically viable replacement as steel prices

    continue to rise and further breakthrough in the manufacturing processes of Graphene , dramatically lowers its

    cost .

#  Even car components will get made by using Graphene in 3 D printing process


Do you think any of our Policy Makers would ask our scientists / engineers to examine this ?
I have no doubt that should  Shri Nitin Gadkariji  get to read this blog ( - being sent to him as an email ) , then he will waste no time to do so
He might ask ISRO :
“ Can you develop Solar Panels using Graphene to boost its efficiency manifolds ( say from current 20 % to 80 % ) – then install such a Solar Panel on roof-top of an Electric Car , to continuously charge its Lithium-ion battery, so that E cars do not need any road-side Battery Charging Stations , saving an investment of Rs 175 lakh*crore ? “

What gives you such hope ?
After reading the following , you should have no doubts !
City MP and Union minister for road transport, highways and  Shipping , Nitin Gadkari is all set to launch a project  to operate a 150 seater bus which will ply in the air

He added that tender for the project will be finalized by 15 Aug



Could a dramatic reduction in Electric Car-Weight , leading to equally dramatic reduction in Lithium-ion Battery size – and price – accelerate the adoption of Electric cars in India ?


No doubt  !

Imagine if lighter weight cars having very small Lithium-ion batteries were to start selling for Rs 5 lakh , then no one would want to touch a petrol car

And our government would not need to spend Rs 10,000 crore ( under FAME II ) to “ incentivize “ buyers !


Is there any other alternative to dramatically reduce battery size / cost, without having to reduce the car weight ?

Sure !

Following breakthroughs in Battery Technology are promising cheaper / much more powerful / longer lasting and faster charging batteries :

A   Lithium Air Battery [ fifth as light as current versions and one-fifth their prices ]

      Lithium−Air Battery: Promise and Challenges 

 

B   Graphene Battery  [  giving a 500 miles / 800 km range  ]

     Grabat Graphenano Energy 

 

C   Foam Batteries

     https://www.prietobattery.com/ 

 

 Nano Batteries

  Nanotechnology in Batteries (Nano Battery)

 

E   Auminum – Air  Batteries

     EV juice from Alu-Air Battery ? 


F   Sodium – Air  Battery

    Congratulations , Shri GopuKumarji 


G   Hydrogen Fuel  Cell

     Ray , a drop of golden Sun


=========================================================
Dear Shri Gadkariji,

I urge you to ask Prime Minister’s “ Science Technology and Innovation Advisory Committee “  members to examine licensing Graphene Manufacturing Technology from Prof. Sir Colin Humphreys  /  Paragraf 

======================================================================
21  March  2019
Rsvp  ;  hcp@RecruitGuru.com

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